A tendon is defined as a tough band of fibrous connective tissue. This tissue functions to attach muscles to the bones and transmit forces. It is designed to withstand tension and exert a pulling force. Tendonitis or tendon inflammation is a condition in which this fibrous connective tissue has low levels of microscopic tearing producing irritation. It is an inflammatory condition characterized by pain at tendinous insertions into bone. This condition is often seen following excessive repetitive activities that make the tendon eventually becomes tighter until tearing on this area occurs.
Tendonitis occurs mostly on middle aged adults. Common sites for tendon inflammation occur in the elbow, wrist, biceps, shoulders, leg, knee, ankle, hip and the Achilles tendon. Thumb joint pain can also be caused by tendonitis.Symptoms include local pain and discomfort at the tendon, and may sometimes become a burning sensation over the entire surrounding area. The affected area may become stiffer and more painful after the activity. In some cases, it has been found that stressful life situations may trigger the onset of tendonitis.
Overuse is the most common cause associated with tendonitis. Other factors include physical work-related factors, psychosocial work-related factors, and fluoroquinolone treatment orally or parenterally. Examples of physical work-related factors are cold temperatures, intense, repeated and sustained exertion, as well as extreme positions. Studies have shown that following the completion of the course of fluoroquinolone treatment tendonitis may occur within a few days up to 6 months. Risk factors also include concomitant steroid therapy and renal insufficiency.
The goal of tendon inflammation treatment is to relieve pain and decrease the inflammatory process. Resting and immobilizing the affected part is a helpful step towards the process of recovery. This is done through the use of splints, braces and straps. Application of warm or cold compress has also been proven to contribute in reducing the inflammation. Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) such as ibuprofen and aspirin are also used for tendon inflammation.
Steroid injection is also administered, in some cases, to reduce pain and discomforts. This is performed through administration of steroid into the tendon sheath that will allow in controlling the pain. Physical therapy has also been found to be very effective in improving this condition. Exercises aim to strengthen and improve the flexibility of the tissues thus, restoring its function, improve healing and prevent future injury. Other helpful tips for managing tendon inflammation include adequate rest and exercise by applying light resistance, movement and stretching, as well as massage therapy, ultrasound treatment and in rare cases, surgery. Many arthritis natural cures will also be effective at treating tendonitis.
To prevent tendon inflammation from recurring, it is recommended by warming up properly before activities, stretching the tendon before and after activity, strengthening tendons with resistance training, taking frequent rest, choosing appropriate footwear for each activity, using proper posture, and staying in good shape. Following these simple strategies will limit the possibility of developing another tendon inflammation.